Model Optimasi Keputusan Sourcing Spare Parts Alat Berat Berbasis ERP Menggunakan MCDM dan Split Sourcing

Hafiz Husyairi; Timotius FCW Sutrisno

doi:10.37034/jems.v9i1.572

Authors

Hafiz Husyairi Universitas Ciputra Surabaya
Timotius FCW Sutrisno Universitas Ciputra Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37034/jems.v9i1.572

Keywords:

Keputusan Sourcing, Lead Time, MCDM, OTIF, Gross Margin

Abstract

Industri alat berat menghadapi tantangan dalam pengadaan suku cadang saat stock-out, sementara PT XYZ masih mengandalkan heuristik dan pengalaman personal staf operasional order. Studi ini merancang dan mengevaluasi model optimasi pengadaan berbasis Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) menggunakan pendekatan Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) dan split sourcing Pendekatan kuantitatif preskriptif menggunakan data sekunder sistem ERP perusahaan periode 1 April–30 Juni 2026. Dari 12.003 transaksi, sebanyak 3.083 transaksi meliputi Internal Transfer (IT), Stock Order (SO), Semi Emergency Order (SEO), dan Emergency Order (EO) digunakan sebagai basis profil. Evaluasi alternatif sourcing didasarkan pada lead time, Moving Average Price (MAP), risiko non-OTIF, dan gross margin loss melalui statistik deskriptif, normalisasi min-max, pembobotan AHP, fungsi penalti terbobot, simulasi split sourcing, dan analisis sensitivitas. Hasilnya menunjukkan adanya trade-off tanpa alternatif tunggal yang superior di semua aspek. Secara agregat, IT memperoleh skor penalti terendah dan tetap menjadi alternatif peringkat teratas dalam seluruh skenario perubahan bobot ±20%. Validasi operasional menggunakan data transaksi terpisah selama tiga hari kerja menunjukkan rekomendasi model menghasilkan gross margin 17% dibandingkan 5.2% dari aktual staf operasional order, sementara potensi OTIF mencapai 62% dibandingkan 90%. Temuan ini menunjukkan potensi peningkatan profitabilitas dengan konsekuensi penurunan tingkat layanan, sehingga hasil perlu ditafsirkan secara hati-hati karena keterbatasan data kontrafaktual. Model ini menyediakan dasar untuk pengembangan Decision Support System (DSS) berbasis ERP dalam mendukung keputusan sourcing yang lebih objektif dan terukur.

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